Rheumatology deals with diseases of the joints, vasculitis (inflammation of the blood vessels) and relatively rare diseases like systemic lupus (SLE). These diseases often involve more than one organ system e.g. lungs, kidneys or skin. Broadly speaking, arthritis is of two main varieties - inflammatory and `wear and tear'. Inflammatory arthritis generally occurs in young individuals. It affects women more often. Inflammatory arthritis like rheumatoid arthritis are treated with special drugs which modulate the immune system. Indiscriminate use of pain killers and steroids is totally discouraged. `Wear and Tear' arthritis usually affects older individuals. Earlier, analgesics were the mainstay of treatment. Today, cartilage strengthening medicines are often used. A rheumatologist works in close association with orthopaedic surgeons and physiotherapists. While the surgeon guides on appropriate surgical interventions, the rheumatologist guides on drug treatment. New drug options are opening up and rapid advances are being made in this field.